With recent record-breaking summer temperatures, health care providers are warning the public to take precautions against heat stroke. Cathay General Hospital Rehabilitation Physician Dr. Ingrid Y. Liu (劉怡均) advises that common initial symptoms include dizziness, headache, nausea, or feeling more tired than usual. She says that if you are experiencing these symptoms, you should seek immediate cooling and hydration.

Climate change and the urban heat island effect have raised temperatures in Taiwan’s most populous areas, leading to a year-on-year increase in cases of heat-related health issues. According to Health Ministry statistics, over 800 people sought medical attention for heat-related injuries in July, 15% more than the same month last year.

Dr. Liu states that heat-related health issues can range from mild discomfort to life-threatening heatstroke, with athletes, outdoor workers, the elderly, and those with chronic illnesses listed as high-risk groups. She details that after the initial symptoms, more serious swelling, heat rash, and heat cramps signal a need to stop any activities and seek cooling and hydration. Liu warns that when the core body temperature exceeds 40°C, confusion or other neurological abnormalities, difficulty breathing, rapid heartbeat, and low blood pressure may occur. In severe cases, heatstroke can lead to multiple organ failure.

Dr. Liu also proposed five principles for preventing heatstroke, including avoiding activities during the midday heat, adequate hydration, and wearing lightweight, breathable, and sweat-wicking clothing. Furthermore, it is recommended to gradually increase exercise time in hot environments over 1 to 2 weeks to build heat tolerance, but if dizziness, nausea, cramps, or unusual fatigue occur during exercise, to stop immediately, rest, and cool down.